3.11. Cocoa Intake Alleviates Hepatic Oxidative Stress in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats
Cordero-Herrera, I.; Martín, M.A.; Goya, L.; Ramos, S. *
Background and objectives
Chronic hyperglycemia
in diabetes is associated with oxidative
stress-mediated tissue
damage. Cocoa and dark chocolate have demonstrated the ability to improve insulin
sensitivity and modulate oxidative stress markers in diabetic patients. The
present study is aimed at exploring the role of a cocoa-enriched diet in
ameliorating the oxidative stress-induced damage in the liver of type 2
diabetic Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats.
Methodology
Male ZDF rats were fed
a control or cocoa-rich diet (10%), and Zucker lean (ZL) animals received
the control diet. Hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS), carbonyl and
glutathione (GSH) levels, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), heme oxygenase
(HO-1), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx),
glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) activities, and nuclear
factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2), as well as p65-nuclear factor-kappaB
(NF- B) expression were evaluated.
Results
Cocoa diet reduced ROS
levels and carbonyl content in the liver of ZDF animals. The diminished
activity of SOD and the enhanced activity of HO-1 in ZDF-C were returned to ZL values
upon cocoa administration. Cocoa did not restore the decreased GST activity in
either ZDF groups in comparison to ZL rats. GSH content and activities of
GPx, GR and CAT remained unaltered among all animal groups.
Moreover, the
cocoa-rich diet suppressed total and phosphorylated Nrf2, as well as p65-NF-
B-enhanced levels observed in ZDF rats.
Conclusion
Cocoa protects the
hepatocytes by improving the antioxidant competence in the liver of young
type 2 diabetic ZDF rats.
Acknowledgments
Grants AGL2010-17579,
and CIBERDEM from MICINN. I. Cordero-Herrera is a fellow of the FPI
predoctoral program (MICINN).
Referencias: ISCHOM II: Barcelona 2015. Nutrients
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